The Application of Google Earth Engine for PM2.5 Estimation to Analyze PM2.5 Distribution From in Saraburi Province
This research aims to estimate PM2.5 concentrations from Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and meteorological data and study the spatial distribution patterns of PM2.5 in Saraburi Province. The estimation of PM2.5 levels is conducted using AOD data combined with meteorological data through a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) method. The estimated values are then used to analyze the distribution patterns of PM2.5. The study found that in 2018, the average monthly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 0 to 74.1 μg/m³, with high-value clustering (hot spots) covering approximately 421.43 km², or 12.04% of the provincial area. In 2019, the average monthly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 0 to 41.4 μg/m³, with hot spots covering approximately 509.29 km², or 14.55% of the provincial area. In 2020, the average monthly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 0 to 50.0 μg/m³, with hot spots covering approximately 648.37 km², or 18.53% of the provincial area. In 2021, the average monthly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 0 to 55.3 μg/m³, with hot spots covering approximately 562.93 km², or 16.09% of the provincial area. In 2022, the average monthly PM2.5 concentration ranged from 0 to 57.3 μg/m³, with hot spots covering approximately 615.97 km², or 18% of the provincial area. The most of high-value clusters were in the western part of the province, where agricultural activities are prevalent, contributing to higher PM2.5 levels. In contrast, low-value clusters (cold spots) were primarily found in the eastern part of the province, which is largely forested.